Build-operate-transfer / Marketing Terms Build-operate-transfer Build-operate-transfer (BOT) is a business model or project delivery method in which a company designs and builds a system, runs it for a defined period, and then transfers ownership and control to the client or another party. Originally used in infrastructure and public-private partnerships (PPPs), the BOT model is now also common in technology, outsourcing and international expansion. It allows organizations to launch complex projects without taking on full responsibility from day one. In a typical BOT agreement, the service provider begins by building the required infrastructure, such as a software platform, data centre or offshore operations hub. During the operate phase, the provider manages daily operations, optimizes performance and trains the client’s team. After the system is stable and processes are mature, control is transferred to the client, who assumes full ownership and responsibility. Each phase is guided by contractual milestones, service-level agreements and detailed exit planning. The BOT model reduces risk for the client while speeding up implementation. It is especially useful for companies expanding into new regions or adopting unfamiliar technologies. For example, a SaaS company might use BOT to set up a customer support centre in another country or launch a localised platform. For nonprofits and global development projects, BOT can help local partners build capacity and eventually manage services independently. When structured well, BOT combines speed, expertise and sustainability. However, it requires strong governance and clear communication to ensure a smooth transition from provider to client.